# Glossary | InvoiceIQ by Analytos

> The accounts-payable and accounts-receivable vocabulary this site uses, in plain English.

Canonical URL: https://invoiceiq.analytos.ai/resources/glossary

Reference

# Glossary

The accounts payable and receivable terms used on this site, in plain English.

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Accounts Payable (AP)

Money going out. The bills your suppliers send you, which someone has to check against what was ordered and what arrived, code to the right accounts, approve and pay.

Accounts Receivable (AR)

Money coming in. The invoices you send your customers, which someone has to raise once the goods have shipped, at the price the customer agreed to.

Purchase order (PO)

The order you placed with a supplier — agreed before anything ships. The buyer’s document.

Goods receipt / item receipt

The record logged when a delivery lands. The warehouse’s document, and the only proof anything actually arrived.

Vendor bill

What a vendor invoice becomes inside your ERP once it has been coded and approved: one line per GL account, class and department.

Sales order (SO)

The order you accepted from a customer — agreed before anything ships.

Item fulfilment

The goods movement recorded when a shipment goes out. The proof the goods left.

Bill of lading (BOL)

The shipping document issued when goods are handed to a carrier. On the receivables side it is the trigger for billing.

2-way match

Comparing two documents: the invoice against the order. Nobody is checking whether the goods arrived.

3-way match

Comparing all three: order, goods movement and invoice. The goods must have arrived, and you cannot bill for more than was received.

Non-PO invoice

A bill with no order behind it — utilities, rent, subscriptions. Coded from vendor rules and still held to the golden rule.

GL account

The general-ledger account a line posts to — the “what was it for” of the accounting.

Class / department / dimension

The extra segments a line carries beyond the account: which site, which team, which job. Coding is deciding all of them.

Coding

Deciding which GL account, class and department each line belongs to. The judgement dressed up as data entry, and the piece that quietly eats the week.

Tolerance

How far an invoice may differ from the order on a check — a price a few percent higher, say — before the check fails.

The golden rule

InvoiceIQ’s one non-negotiable: the composed bill must equal the invoice, or nothing posts. It cannot be switched off.

Match Report

The record of every check run on a document: verdict, reason, policy used and who chose it. Previewable before posting and written onto the posted bill.

Pending Receipt / Pending Fulfilment

Where a bill or a BOL waits when its goods movement has not been recorded yet. It advances on its own when the movement lands.

Draw-down

Posting an invoice consumes the fulfilment it bills from and reduces what remains on the order — so nothing can be invoiced twice.

Canonical data model (CDM)

The neutral objects every ERP adapter maps to: party, order, movement, document, result, coding, charges. The reason changing ERP is one adapter, not a rewrite.

Adapter

The one piece of code that knows a particular ERP: fetch the order, fetch what moved, post the result, translate status codes.

Posting Log

Every posting attempt, posted or refused, with who clicked it, the policy and either the ERP link or the reason.

Sandbox

The restricted runtime an approved rule executes in at posting time: no imports, no network, no filesystem, no clock, no randomness, a timeout.

Backtest

Running a new rule against your own past documents before it is allowed to activate.

DSO

Days sales outstanding — how long, on average, it takes to collect after a sale. Every day between shipping and invoicing adds to it.

[The matching guide](https://invoiceiq.analytos.ai/resources/matching-guide) [FAQ](https://invoiceiq.analytos.ai/resources/faq)

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A walkthrough takes an hour and starts with your own documents.

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